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What's a Phonetic Component?
相
component
相
ソウ
phonetic (相 · ソウ)
相 + 心
想
kanji (想 · そう · to think/imagine)
想像
combination (想像 · そうぞう · imagination)
A "phonetic component" is a recurring part inside a kanji that hints at its Chinese-derived on'yomi reading, rather than its meaning. Kanji sharing the same phonetic component — like 相, 想, and 霜 above — often sound alike even though they mean very different things, because the component was originally chosen for its sound. A separate "meaning radical" (like 心, heart, tucked into 想) is what actually carries the sense.